In a commercial installation, a subpanel shall have the grounding terminal and neutral bar how?

In a commercial installation, the grounding terminal and neutral bar in a subpanel should be isolated, with only the grounding terminal bonded. This configuration is important for maintaining the integrity and safety of the electrical system.

The reason for isolating the neutral and grounding conductors in the subpanel is to prevent neutral current from flowing on the grounding conductors. If the grounding terminal and neutral bar were bonded together in the subpanel, it could create multiple paths for return current, which can lead to an increased risk of electrical shock and create potential fire hazards. This can also result in unwanted trip conditions on Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) or other protective devices.

In commercial installations, having the grounding and neutral systems properly separated helps to ensure that the grounding system remains effective for fault clearing while allowing the neutral to carry the load current without interference. The only time the neutral and ground are permitted to be bonded together is at the main service disconnect, where the system is grounded and the grounding electrode system is connected.

Understanding why the grounding terminal must be bonded, but the neutral bar should remain isolated reinforces the necessity for proper grounding and bonding practices in electrical installations, especially in commercial settings. This ensures safety and compliance with the National Electrical Code (NEC